Products

Dietary ingredient with NDI notification filed (AIDP Inc., ATA-Mg®). FDA issued no objection. Not GRAS-listed. No FDA warning letters or enforcement actions on record.

MAT delivers magnesium complexed with acetyl-taurine. Taurine modulates GABA-A receptors and reduces neuronal excitability; magnesium blocks NMDA receptors. The acetyl group is hypothesized to enhance CNS penetration compared to standard magnesium salts, supported by animal model data.

Animal studies show improved sleep architecture and reduced anxiety markers. No human RCTs specific to MAT as of early 2026. Primary evidence base draws from the broader magnesium supplementation literature and taurine neuroscience research.

Stable in dry powder form; hygroscopic — requires moisture-controlled storage. Compatible with capsules, tablets, and sachets. Recommended dose range: 100–400mg elemental magnesium equivalent. Avoid co-formulation with high-calcium matrices.

Dietary ingredient status in the US. NDI notification filed (NDI #1392, 2025; no objection). No GRAS status. Synthetic form may require separate NDI notification. No FDA warning letters or enforcement actions.

Spermidine induces autophagy by inhibiting EP300 acetyltransferase, triggering cellular self-cleaning processes. Also shown to stabilize mitochondrial membrane potential and reduce inflammatory cytokine expression in preclinical models.

Small human RCTs in aging populations show improvements in memory and cognitive performance (Wirth et al., 2018; Schwarz et al., 2020). Observational data links dietary spermidine intake to reduced cardiovascular mortality. Human relevance of autophagy mechanisms not yet fully validated.

Water-soluble; stable in dry conditions. Capsules and tablets preferred; sensitive to oxidation. Typical dose range: 1–5mg/day. Low-dose ingredient — precision dosing required.

Alpha-ketoglutaric acid is a well-established metabolite. Ca-AKG sold widely in US supplements with no NDI filing concerns for standard dietary use. Generally regarded as safe in supplement contexts. No FDA enforcement actions.

AKG is a key Krebs cycle intermediate and AKGDD cofactor. Shown to inhibit mTOR signaling and extend healthspan in animal models (preclinical). Calcium salt form enhances bioavailability and contributes to bone mineral support.

Animal lifespan extension studies (Buck Institute) form the primary evidence base. Small human biomarker study (Rejuvant, n=42) showed epigenetic age reduction signals. Larger human RCTs ongoing. Human data on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women shows positive early signals.

Slightly hygroscopic; stable in capsule and tablet formats. Typical dose: 1–3g/day. Compatible with standard supplement matrices. Sustained-release formulation may optimize efficacy.

Found naturally in coffee and fenugreek; dietary ingredient status. No specific NDI or GRAS filing for the isolated HCl form. NDI notification may be recommended for high-dose formulations. No FDA enforcement actions.

Preclinical isotope-tracing studies (Nature Metabolism, 2024) show trigonelline is directly incorporated into NAD+ pools via a NAPRT-dependent pathway, distinct from the NR/NMN route. Also activates the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway. Complete enzymatic conversion not yet fully mapped in humans.

2024 Nature Metabolism study: lower plasma trigonelline levels associated with reduced muscle strength and lower NAD+ in older adults (observational). Preclinical data shows improved mitochondrial function and muscle fiber quality in aged mice. No human RCTs as of early 2026.

Water-soluble; stable. Compatible with capsules, tablets, and powders. Dose range under investigation; typically 50–200mg studied in preclinical contexts.

Novel ingredient. No NDI filing or GRAS status on public record. Research-stage — regulatory counsel recommended before consumer supplement launch.

NRH bypasses rate-limiting NAD+ biosynthesis steps, entering the salvage pathway more efficiently than NR. Preclinical data shows 2–10x greater NAD+ elevation vs. NR at equivalent doses in cell and animal models. Human metabolic pathway not yet characterized.

No human RCTs published as of early 2026. Strong preclinical data on NAD+ elevation efficiency. Human safety, pharmacokinetics, and dose-response not established.

Sensitive to oxidation; requires inert atmosphere packaging and desiccant. Capsules preferred; avoid moisture exposure. Human dose range not established.

Novel ingredient. No established NDI or GRAS status. Research-stage — same regulatory caution as NRH. Recommend positioning as “research use” ingredient.

NMNH is converted to NADH via a pathway that bypasses multiple biosynthetic steps (preclinical). Preclinical data shows rapid and sustained NAD+ elevation. Cardioprotective effects demonstrated in ischemia models (animal). Full conversion pathway not yet confirmed in humans.

No human RCTs as of early 2026. Preclinical studies show superior NAD+ elevation vs. NMN in mouse models. Human safety and pharmacokinetics not established.

Highly sensitive to oxidation; requires strict moisture and oxygen control. Capsules with desiccant; cold-chain storage recommended. Human dose range not established.

Dietary ingredient; sold widely in supplements in the US and EU. No NDI concerns for standard formulations. Well-established safety profile in clinical literature. No FDA enforcement actions.

PEA activates PPAR-α receptors, downregulating mast cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Also modulates GPR55 receptors and has indirect effects on CB2 signaling. Endogenous — produced by the body in response to inflammation.

20+ human RCTs across pain, neuropathy, fibromyalgia, and neuroinflammation. Meta-analyses confirm efficacy for chronic pain reduction. Generally well-tolerated with no serious adverse events. More established in European supplement and pharmaceutical markets.

Poorly water-soluble; micronized (um-PEA) form significantly improves bioavailability. Capsules and tablets; lipid-based delivery preferred. Typical dose: 300–1,200mg/day. Available in standard powder and micronized forms.

Established dietary ingredient with GRAS status (GRN 000197 for Metafolin®). Well-accepted in prenatal vitamins and general supplementation. No NDI concerns. Regulatory-recognized across major markets.

L-5-MTHF is the active circulating form of folate. Directly participates in one-carbon metabolism, methylation reactions, and homocysteine remethylation. Bypasses conversion limitations in individuals with MTHFR C677T polymorphism (estimated ~40% of population).

Extensive clinical literature demonstrating superior folate bioavailability vs. folic acid, particularly in MTHFR variant carriers. Strong evidence for prenatal neural tube defect prevention. One of the most well-established ingredients in the supplement industry.

Sensitive to light and oxidation; requires opaque packaging. Stable in standard supplement matrices when combined with antioxidants. Typical dose: 400–1,000mcg DFE/day. Low-dose, high-value ingredient.

Botanical-derived ingredient; dietary supplement use established at typical doses. No NDI concerns at standard supplementation levels. Isolated high-dose forms may require additional regulatory evaluation. No FDA enforcement actions.

Apigenin binds to GABA-A receptors (mild anxiolytic/sleep-promoting effect), inhibits CD38 (an NAD+-consuming enzyme, preclinical), and modulates NF-κB signaling (anti-inflammatory). Multiple mechanisms support different use cases.

Human data primarily from chamomile extract studies (apigenin-rich), not isolated apigenin. Preclinical evidence is strong for NAD+ preservation via CD38 inhibition. CD38 inhibition has not been validated in human supplementation studies.

Poor water solubility; lipid-based or cyclodextrin complexation improves absorption. Capsules preferred; phytosome formulations available. Typical dose: 50–200mg/day. Often co-formulated with NMN or resveratrol in longevity stacks.

Endogenous compound; dietary ingredient status. NDI filings exist for certain suppliers. No GRAS status. No FDA enforcement actions specific to OEA.

OEA is produced in the small intestine after fat ingestion and activates PPAR-α, sending satiety signals to the brain via vagal afferents. Also activates GPR119 and TRPV1. Distinct from the endocannabinoid system (does not bind CB1/CB2 receptors).

Animal studies show robust reduction in food intake and body weight. Small human pilot studies show positive signals for satiety and weight management. No large-scale human RCTs. Evidence base remains primarily preclinical.

Lipid-soluble; softgels or lipid-matrix capsules preferred. Typical dose: 100–400mg/day, taken before meals. Avoid water-based formulations.

GRAS status (FDA; multiple GRNs on file). Well-established dietary ingredient. No NDI concerns. Widely used in supplements, functional beverages, and food products. No FDA enforcement actions.

L-Theanine crosses the blood-brain barrier and modulates GABA, serotonin, and dopamine neurotransmission. Increases alpha brainwave activity (associated with wakeful relaxation). At higher doses, may mildly inhibit excitatory glutamate receptors.

10+ human RCTs demonstrating effects on anxiety reduction, stress resilience, and cognitive focus. Well-documented synergy with caffeine (100mg L-theanine + 50mg caffeine is a widely studied combination). One of the best-evidenced natural relaxation ingredients.

Highly water-soluble; very stable. Compatible with capsules, tablets, powders, and ready-to-drink formats. Typical dose: 100–400mg/day. One of the easiest ingredients to formulate with.

Dietary ingredient; sold in US supplements. NDI notification filed. No FDA enforcement actions.

The L-threonate carrier is designed to enhance magnesium transport to the brain, supporting synaptic density and plasticity. Supports NMDA receptor signaling relevant to long-term potentiation and memory. Note: superior BBB penetration is suggested by preclinical data but not definitively proven in human studies.

Small human RCTs show improvement in cognitive performance, short-term memory, and executive function in older adults (2–4 studies). Evidence is promising but based on small sample sizes. Claims of superiority over other magnesium forms are often overstated relative to available data.

Stable in dry form; capsules preferred. Typical dose: 1.5–2g/day (providing ~144mg elemental magnesium). Often combined with other nootropic ingredients.

GRAS status (FDA). Established dietary ingredient; widely used in nootropic and sports nutrition formulations. Also used as a pharmaceutical in Europe for cognitive decline. No FDA enforcement actions related to safety.

Alpha-GPC is hydrolyzed to choline and glycerophosphate. Choline serves as the precursor to acetylcholine, a key neurotransmitter for memory and attention. Also supports neuronal membrane integrity via phosphatidylcholine synthesis.

Multiple human RCTs across cognitive decline, Alzheimer’s disease (European pharmaceutical context), and healthy adult populations. Also studied for physical performance (growth hormone release). Strong and broad clinical evidence base.

Highly hygroscopic; available in 50% and 85% concentrations. 50% grade is more stable for powder applications. Capsules strongly preferred. Typical dose: 300–600mg/day.